Mallikarjuna Gudi / மல்லிகார்ஜுனா கோவில், Mallikarjuna Group of Temples, Badami, Bagalkot District, Karnataka.

The visit to this  Mallikarjuna Temple under Mallikarjuna Group of Temples before Bhutanatha Group of Temples at Badami was a part of “Hampi, Badami, Pattadakal, Mahakuta and Aihole temples Heritage visit” organized by வரலாறு விரும்பிகள் சங்கம் Varalaru Virumbigal Sangam – VVS and எண்திசை வரலாற்று மரபுநடைக்குழு,  between 24^th December to 28^th December 2022.  I extend my sincere thanks to the organizers Mrs Radha and Mrs Nithya Senthil Kumar and Mr Senthil Kumar.

Monuments at Badami

Badami, also known as Vatapi, was the capital of the Chalukyan empire ( 6^th  to 8^th  cent. CE.), which extended in the time of Pulikesin-II from Kanchi in Tamil Nadu to the banks of the Narmada and from Orissa to the west coast. After a set-back for a while owing to the attack of the Pallavas under Narasimha Varman-I, the Chalukyan kings regained their territory and gave impetus to the revival of Hindu religion and art under royal patronage Mahakuta, Aihole, Pattadakal and Badami became great centers of experimentation in temple building

Attracted by the scenic beauty and natural defences provided by the majestically standing hills and the vast sheet of water below. The Chalukyan kings shifted their early capital from Aihole to Badami. The remains of which can still be seen in the valley on the northern slopes. The natural gorge leading to the hill-city and embellished with temples and gateways is one of the major attractions of Badami apart from the famous rock-cut Brahmanical and Jaina caves which contain some of the finest sculptures known for their grace and vigour. The Chalukyan rulers built several structural temples along the edge of the lake and hill-tops which the visitor should not miss to see. Even while experimenting in temple building they evolved the proto type of the famous southern vimana style which the Malegitti Sivalaya. The lower Sivalaya and the upper Sivalaya represent.

The curve-linear sikhara of the Yellamma Devi temple represents the northern style. While the Bhutanatha temples with stepped pyramidal roof represent the Kadamba-nagara type. Within a distance of 48 kms. More than one hundred and fifty temples were built by Chalukyan kings. The rock-cut temples-(caves - 1 to 4 are ornamented with exquisitely carved animal and human figures, gods and demi-gods. Floral and geometric patterns and scenes recalling the great episodes from the epics and puranas. Although the Chalukyans were Vaishnavites they encouraged construction of Jaina and Saiva temples also. After the fall of the Chalukyan empire the Rashtrakutas and Vijayanagar rulers and finally Tippu sultan occupied Badami the fort walls and other edifices built by them can also be seen here Badami abounds in a number of inscriptions, some of which are indispensable for writing the history of India. Among them mention may be made of the Pallava inscription on the boulder near the north gate and that of Mangalesha in cave 3. Here lived "Prasanna Venkatadasa", a great Vaishnava saint of the 16^th century CE, who used to meditate and sing devotional songs on a platform near the north-gate.

மல்லிகார்ஜுனா கோவில்

பூதநாத கோவில்களின் தொகுதியில் ஒன்றான இந்த மல்லிகார்ஜுனா கோவில் இந்தத் தொகுதியில் அமைந்த மற்றோரு முக்கியமான கோவிலாகும். அகஸ்திய ஏரியின் வடகிழக்குப்பகுதியில் அமைந்துள்ள இந்தக்கோயில் சாளுக்கிய கட்டிடக்கலை பாணியின் முக்கிய அம்சமான அடித்தளப் பீட அமைப்பின் மீது எழுப்பப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்தக் கோவில் சிவனுக்கு அர்பணிக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்தக் கோவில் விமானத்தின் பிரமிடு வடிவ ஃபம்ஸான சிகரம், வேலைப்பாட்டுடன் கூடிய கல் உத்தரங்களைத் தாங்கும் தூண்கள், நேர்த்தியான கைபிடிச் சுவர்களைக் கொண்ட திறந்த மண்டபம் போன்றவை காணப்படுகின்றன.  இந்த கோவில் மண்டபத்தின் முழுத் தூண்கள் சதுரம், பல்கோணபட்டையுடன் கூடிய உருளை வடிவக் கட்டு, சதுரம், வைர வடிவ தலைப்பு போன்ற அமைப்புகளோடு உத்திரம் தாங்குகின்றன.

The mukha mandapa is with sloping / slanting  kodungai.

Mallikarjuna Gudi, Mallikarjuna Group of Temples.

This Mallikarjuna temple is under the Mallikarjuna Group of Temple just before Bhutanatha group of temples, on the north side of the Agasthya lake. This temple was built as per the Kadamba Nagara / Chalukya’s architecture and dedicated to Shiva. The temple consists of Sanctum Sanctorum, ardha mandapam and an open mukha mandapam with hand rails.The ceiling was supported by the square, octagonal and virutha pillars. The Vimanam above the sanctum sanctorum is of pyramidal form, amalaka and stupi with extended sukanasi. The walls are plain with out koshtas. The mukha mandapa is with sloping / slanting  kodungai.

pyramidal form of Vimana

HOW TO REACH

The Mallikarjuna Group of Temples is about 2 KM from Badami Bus Stand and autos are available from the base of the caves also.

The Bhutanatha Temple is about 22 KM from Pattadakal, 36 KM from Aihole and 453 KM from Bengaluru.

Nearest Railway station is Badami, about 7 KM.

LOCATION OF THE TEMPLE  : CLICK HERE

GPS Co-ordinates : 15.921278, 75.686932

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Extended Sukhanasi with image

---OM SHIVAYA NAMA ---

Yellamma Devi Gudi / எல்லம்மா தேவி கோயில், Badami, Bagalkot District, Karnataka.

The visit to this Yellamma Temple is on the west side banks of Agasthya Lake before Bhutanatha Group of Temples at Badami was a part of “Hampi, Badami, Pattadakal, Mahakuta and Aihole temples Heritage visit” organized by வரலாறு விரும்பிகள் சங்கம் Varalaru Virumbigal Sangam – VVS and எண்திசை வரலாற்று மரபுநடைக்குழு, between 24^th December to 28^th December 2022.  I extend my sincere thanks to the organizers Mrs Radha and Mrs Nithya Senthil Kumar and Mr Senthil Kumar.

Monuments at Badami

Badami, also known as Vatapi, was the capital of the Chalukyan empire ( 6^th  to 8^th  cent. CE.), which extended in the time of Pulikesin-II from Kanchi in Tamil Nadu to the banks of the Narmada and from Orissa to the west coast. After a set-back for a while owing to the attack of the Pallavas under Narasimha Varman-I, the Chalukyan kings regained their territory and gave impetus to the revival of Hindu religion and art under royal patronage Mahakuta, Aihole, Pattadakal and Badami became great centers of experimentation in temple building

Attracted by the scenic beauty and natural defences provided by the majestically standing hills and the vast sheet of water below. The Chalukyan kings shifted their early capital from Aihole to Badami. The remains of which can still be seen in the valley on the northern slopes. The natural gorge leading to the hill-city and embellished with temples and gateways is one of the major attractions of Badami apart from the famous rock-cut Brahmanical and Jaina caves which contain some of the finest sculptures known for their grace and vigour. The Chalukyan rulers built several structural temples along the edge of the lake and hill-tops which the visitor should not miss to see. Even while experimenting in temple building they evolved the proto type of the famous southern vimana style which the Malegitti Sivalaya. The lower Sivalaya and the upper Sivalaya represent.

The curve-linear sikhara of the Yellamma temple represents the northern style. While the Bhutanatha temples with stepped pyramidal roof represent the Kadamba-nagara type. Within a distance of 48 kms. More than one hundred and fifty temples were built by Chalukyan kings. The rock-cut temples-caves - 1 to 4 are ornamented with exquisitely carved animal and human figures, gods and demi-gods. Floral and geometric patterns and scenes recalling the great episodes from the epics and puranas. Although the Chalukyans were Vaishnavites they encouraged construction of Jaina and Saiva temples also. After the fall of the Chalukyan empire the Rashtrakutas and Vijayanagar rulers and finally Tippu sultan occupied Badami the fort walls and other edifices built by them can also be seen here Badami abounds in a number of inscriptions, some of which are indispensable for writing the history of India. Among them mention may be made of the Pallava inscription on the boulder near the north gate and that of Mangalesha in cave 3. Here lived Prasanna Venkatadasa, a great Vaishnava saint of the 16^th century CE, who used to meditate and sing devotional songs on a platform near the north-gate.

எல்லம்மா தேவி கோயில்.

இந்த எல்லம்மா தேவி கோயில், பூதநாத கோவில்களின் தொகுப்பு கோயிலுக்கு முன்பாகவே அகத்தியர் ஏரியின் மேற்கு கரையில் கிழக்கு நோக்கி அமைந்துள்ளது. இக்கோயில் ஜமத்கினியின் மனைவியும், பரசுராமரின் அம்மாவுமான ரேனுகா தேவிக்கானது. கோயில் கருவறை, இடைநாழி மற்றும் ரங்கமண்டபம் மற்றும் முக மண்டபத்துடன் கட்டப்பட்டுள்ளது. முகமண்டபத்தின் வெளிப்புற தூண்கள் சதுரமாகவும், ரங்க மண்டபத்தின் தூண்கள் லேத்தின் மூலம் கடையப்பட்ட தூண்களாகவும் உள்ளது. வட இந்திய கட்டிடக்கலையின் அமைப்பாக கல்யாண சாளுக்கிய காலத்தில் கட்டப்பட்ட விமானம் கலசமும் ஸ்தூபியும் இன்றி காணப்படுகின்றது ( கீழே தரையில் காணப்படுகின்றது ). விமானத்தில் முதல்தளத்தில் சுகநாசி நீண்டு காணப்படுகின்றது. கருவறை சுவற்றில் எந்த கோஷ்ட சிற்பங்களும் இல்லை.

மீயூசியத்தில் தற்போது உள்ள 1139 CE கல்வெட்டு இக்கோயில் கல்யாணி சாளுக்கியரின் காலத்தில், "பரமானந்ததேவா" என்பவரால் மஹாவிஷ்ணுவின் அவதாரமான யோக நாராயணருக்காக கட்டப்பட்டது என்றும், இறைவன் யோகேஸ்வர நாராயணன் என அழைக்கப்பட்டார் என்றும் பதிவு செய்கின்றது.

Yellamma Devi Gudi, before The Bhutanatha Group of Temples

This Yellamma Devi Temple is on the west side banks of Agasthyar Tank. Yellamma Devi is the local name for Renuka Devi, who was the wife of Sage Jamadgini and mother of Parasurama. Parasurama is one of the 10 incarnations of Maha Vishnu. This temple consists of Sanctum sanctorum, antarala, ardha mandapam and an open mukha mandapam with ranga mandapam. The open mukha mandapam is supported the square pillars on the out side and inside pillars are lathe turned pillars.

 

 View from Cave No-2

The curve-linear sikhara is on the sanctum sanctorum without kalasa ( Kalasa is kept at the bottom of the temple ) and stupi. An extended sukha nasi is at the first level. There is no images on the Vimanam and sanctum walls. The temple is the combination of both North Indian Style of Nagara Architecture and South Indian style of Dravida.

The  Yellamma Gudi was built by an ascetic named “Paramanandadeva” during the rule of Kalyana Chalukya king Jagadekamall –II,  in 1139 CE. An inscription records this is kept at Badami  museum. This temple was originally dedicated to Yoga Narayana called “Yogeshwara Narayana”. It is possible that the deity of this temple, a 12^th Century CE idol of Dattatreya is kept at another temple a short distance from here.

HOW TO REACH

The Yellamma Devi Gudi is about 1.5 KM from Badami Bus Stand and autos are available from the base of the caves also.

The Bhutanatha Temple is about 22 KM from Pattadakal, 36 KM from Aihole and 453 KM from Bengaluru.

Nearest Railway station is Badami, about 7 KM.

LOCATION OF THE TEMPLE  : CLICK HERE

---OM SHIVAYA NAMA ---

Badami cave temples - Rock Cut Cave – 4, பாதாமி குடைவரைக் கோவில்கள். Badami, Bagalkot District, Karnataka.

The visit to this  Rock Cut Cave – 4, at Badami was a part of “Hampi, Badami, Pattadakal, Mahakuta and Aihole temples Heritage visit” organized by வரலாறு விரும்பிகள் சங்கம் Varalaru Virumbigal Sangam – VVS and எண்திசை வரலாற்று மரபுநடைக்குழு,  between 24^th December to 28^th December 2022.  I extend my sincere thanks to the organizers Mrs Radha and Mrs Nithya Senthil Kumar and Mr Senthil Kumar.

Monuments at Badami

Badami, also known as Vatapi, was the capital of the Chalukyan empire ( 6^th  to 8^th  cent. CE.), which extended in the time of Pulikesin-II from Kanchi in Tamil Nadu to the banks of the Narmada and from Orissa to the west coast. After a set-back for a while owing to the attack of the Pallavas under Narasimha Varman-I, the Chalukyan kings regained their territory and gave impetus to the revival of Hindu religion and art under royal patronage Mahakuta, Aihole, Pattadakal and Badami became great centers of experimentation in temple building

Attracted by the scenic beauty and natural defences provided by the majestically standing hills and the vast sheet of water below. The Chalukyan kings shifted their early capital from Aihole to Badami. The remains of which can still be seen in the valley on the northern slopes. The natural gorge leading to the hill-city and embellished with temples and gateways is one of the major attractions of Badami apart from the famous rock-cut Brahmanical and Jaina caves which contain some of the finest sculptures known for their grace and vigour. The Chalukyan rulers built several structural temples along the edge of the lake and hill-tops which the visitor should not miss to see. Even while experimenting in temple building they evolved the prototype of the famous southern vimana style which the Malegitti Sivalaya. The lower Sivalaya and the upper Sivalaya represent.

The curve-linear sikhara of the Yellamma temple represents the northern style. While the Bhutanatha temples with stepped pyramidal roof represent the Kadamba-nagara type. Within a distance of 48 kms. More than one hundred and fifty temples were built by Chalukyan kings. The rock-cut temples-(caves - 1 to 4 are ornamented with exquisitely carved animal and human figures, gods and demi-gods. Floral and geometric patterns and scenes recalling the great episodes from the epics and puranas. Although the Chalukyans were Vaishnavites they encouraged construction of Jaina and Saiva temples also. After the fall of the Chalukyan empire the Rashtrakutas and Vijayanagar rulers and finally Tippu sultan occupied Badami the fort walls and other edifices built by them can also be seen here Badami abounds in a number of inscriptions, some of which are indispensable for writing the history of India. Among them mention may be made of the Pallava inscription on the boulder near the north gate and that of Mangalesha in cave 3. Here lived "Prasanna Venkatadasa", a great Vaishnava saint of the 16^th century CE, who used to meditate and sing devotional songs on a platform near the north-gate.

வாதாபி குடைவரைகள்

வாதாபி- ஐஹொளே- பட்டடக்கல் கோயில் கட்டிடக்கலையின் தொட்டிலாக கருதப்படுகிறது. இப்பகுதியின் பிற்கால கோயில்களுக்கான மாதிரியை இந்த கோயில்களே உருவாக்கியது. வரலாற்று ஏடுகளில் வாதாபி, வாதாபிபுர, வாதபிநகரி, அகஸ்திய தீர்த்த என்றெல்லாம் அழைக்கப்பட்டுள்ள வாதாபியில், நகருக்கு தென்கிழக்கே உள்ள செங்குத்தான மலையின் உச்சியில் நான்கு குடைவரை அமையப் பெற்றுள்ளது. மாலப்ரபா ஆற்று பள்ளத்தாக்கில் அமையப் பெற்ற இந்த மலைகள் மென்மையான மணற்கற்களால் ஆனவை. முதல் குடைவரை சிவனுக்காகவும், இரண்டாவது மற்றும் மூன்றாவது குடைவரை விஷ்ணுவிற்காகவும், நான்காவது குடைவரை சமண சமயத்திற்- காகவும் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. முதல் இரு குடைவரைகள் வடக்கு தக்காண கலைப்பாணியில் அமைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. இதன் காலம் 6-7ஆம் நூற்றாண்டாகும். மூன்றாவது குடைவரை நாகர, திராவிட கூட்டு கலப்பில் உருவாக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. மேலும் வேசர கலைப்பாணி சிற்பங்களும் உள்ளன. இது மங்களேசன் காலத்தில் உருவாக்கப்பட்டதாகும். தூண்கள், முகமண்டபம், மகாமண்டபம் மற்றும் கருவறை பகுதி ஆகியவற்றை உள்ளடக்கியே இந்த நான்கு குடைவரைகளும் எடுக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. இந்த குடைவரையில் உள்ள சிற்பங்கள், கல்வெட்டு தகவல்கள் ஆகியவற்றைப் பற்றி சுருக்கமாக காணலாம்.

Adhinath- the first Tirthankara

Rock Cut Cave-4.. 

This is a Jaina cave-temple, the smallest among the cave-temples at Badami and datable to early 7th century CE. Somewhat unfinished, it consists of an open verandah and an oblong antechamber / antarala with a sanctuary piercing into its rear wall. It's verandah walls accommodate relief sculptures of Bahubali ( also called Gommata ) in penance, Rishaba Nathar the first Tirthankara and Parsvanatha in penance over coming the obstacles of his demonic enemy Kamatha the sanctuary door frame depicts Kama as the door- guardian. On the rear wall of the sanctuary is the relief sculpture of a sermon- delivering Tirthankara, probably Mahavira with halo behind and seated on a lion- throne under a chaitya-tree and triple-umbrella, and attended by chauri-bearers, vidyadharas offering flowers and divine drums beating by themselves. 

Mahavir in the sanctum sanctroum

There are several smaller and larger figures of Tirthankaras in the antechamber. The small lady, seated beside a Tirthankara, carved at the right side of the entrance to the cave is jakkave a pious votary who attained salvation according to the jaina vow called sallekhana. "Kolimanchi" is among the craftsmen who have signed on the boulder of the cave. The cave was originally accessed from the east side and separated from cave-3 by a stone wall.

Parsvanatha

குடைவரை எண் 4

நான்காவது குடைவரை சமண சமயத்திற்காக எடுக்கப்பட்டள்ளது. இங்குள்ள குடைவரையில் இதுவே சிறியதாக உள்ளது. சமண சமயத்தின் 23 மற்றும் 24வது தீர்த்தங்கர்களான பார்சுவநாதர், மகாவீரர் சிற்பங்கள் காணப்படுகிறது. பாகுபலியின் சிற்பமும் உள்ளது. தீர்த்தங்கர்களின் குறுஞ்சிற்பங்களும் காணப்படுகிறது. யக்ஷர், யக்ஷி, பத்மாவதி இவர்களின் சிற்பங்களும் இந்த குடைவரையில் உள்ளது. இந்த குடைவரையின் காலம் ஏழாம் நூற்றாண்டின் இறுதி பகுதியில் இருந்து எட்டாம் நூற்றாண்டின் முற்பகுதி என கணக்கிடப்பட்டுள்ளது. கருவறைக்குள் 24வது தீர்த்தங்கரான மஹாவீரர் சிம்ம பீடத்தின் மீது அமர்ந்தவாறு உள்ளார். முதல் தீர்த்தங்கரான ஆதிநாதரின் சிற்பமும் காணப்படுகிறது. ரிஷபதேவர் என்றும் இவர் அழைக்கப்படுவார். அழகிய வேலைப்பாடமைந்த தூண்களில் தாமரை பதக்கங்கள் உள்ளது. சமண சமயம் சார்ந்த சிற்பங்களும் தூண்களில் காணப்படுகிறது. இந்த நான்கு குடைவரைகள் இல்லாது பூதநாதர் கோயிலுக்கு அருகேயும் சில சிறிய அளவிலான குடைவரைகள் இருக்கின்றது. இவை 7-8ஆம் நூற்றாண்டுகளில் எடுக்கப்பட்டதாக கருதப்படுகிறது.

Bahubali

HOW TO REACH

The Caves are about a KM from Badami Bus Stand and autos are available to reach the base of the caves.

The Caves are about 21 KM from Pattadakal, 34 KM from Aihole and 451 KM from Bengaluru.

Nearest Railway station is Badami, about 5 KM.

LOCATION OF THE ROCK CUT CAVE      : CLICK HERE

Tirthankaras

Tirthankaras

Tirthankaras

Tirthankara & Parsvanath

Tirthankaras

Tirthankaras

24 Tirthankaras 

24 Tirthankaras

 Pillar Design

 Pillar Design

 Old Painting traces 

Sanctum Sanctorum

---OM SHIVAYA NAMA ---